The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is tofurther elucidate the mechanisms of early immune development in utero, during the early post-natal period and during early childhood in neonates, infants, and children and adolescents with or without in-utero exposure to HIV or Anti-Retroviral
Therapeutics (ART).This initiative aims to understand intricate mechanisms of immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface, T and B cell development and maturation in offspring, and local immune responses and the role of systemic immunity.